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January 30th, 1972 remains among the deadliest – and consequential – dates in thirty years of violence in Northern Ireland.

Throughout the area where it happened – the legacy of that fateful day are visible on the buildings and seared in collective memory.

A civil rights march was conducted on a chilly yet clear period in Londonderry.

The demonstration was a protest against the policy of internment – detaining individuals without due process – which had been implemented following three years of unrest.

Military personnel from the elite army unit shot dead 13 people in the Bogside area – which was, and remains, a predominantly nationalist area.

A specific visual became particularly prominent.

Photographs showed a clergyman, Fr Edward Daly, displaying a stained with blood cloth in his effort to shield a crowd carrying a youth, the fatally wounded individual, who had been fatally wounded.

Media personnel recorded considerable film on the day.

Historical records includes Fr Daly informing a journalist that military personnel "appeared to fire in all directions" and he was "completely sure" that there was no provocation for the gunfire.

The narrative of what happened was disputed by the original examination.

The first investigation found the military had been fired upon initially.

During the peace process, Tony Blair's government set up another inquiry, after campaigning by bereaved relatives, who said the first investigation had been a inadequate investigation.

During 2010, the conclusion by the investigation said that generally, the military personnel had discharged weapons initially and that zero among the casualties had been armed.

At that time head of state, David Cameron, expressed regret in the Parliament – saying deaths were "improper and unacceptable."

Authorities started to look into the incident.

An ex-soldier, identified as the accused, was brought to trial for murder.

He was charged over the deaths of the first individual, twenty-two, and twenty-six-year-old another victim.

Soldier F was further implicated of seeking to harm several people, other civilians, Joe Mahon, Michael Quinn, and an unnamed civilian.

Exists a court ruling maintaining the soldier's identity protection, which his attorneys have argued is essential because he is at danger.

He testified the examination that he had only fired at people who were possessing firearms.

That claim was dismissed in the official findings.

Evidence from the investigation was unable to be used immediately as evidence in the legal proceedings.

In the dock, the veteran was screened from view using a blue curtain.

He spoke for the first time in court at a proceeding in that month, to answer "not responsible" when the allegations were put to him.

Family members of the deceased on Bloody Sunday travelled from the city to the judicial building daily of the proceedings.

A family member, whose sibling was killed, said they were aware that hearing the trial would be difficult.

"I can see all details in my recollection," he said, as we walked around the primary sites referenced in the case – from the location, where his brother was shot dead, to the adjoining Glenfada Park, where the individual and another victim were fatally wounded.

"It reminds me to my location that day.

"I helped to carry my brother and lay him in the medical transport.

"I went through each detail during the testimony.

"But even with enduring the process – it's still valuable for me."